Arterial hypertension, the renin-angiotensin system and its implication in the pathology of COVID-19
Keywords:
COVID-19, hipertensión arterial, sistema renina-angiotensina, enzima convertidora de angiotensina 2Abstract
Background: the 21st century has been characterized since its beginning by the appearance of new emerging and reemerging infectious diseases, such as the appearance of COVID-19 at the end of last year in Wuhan (China). Due to its rapid dissemination and territorial scope, on March 11, 2020, COVID-19 was considered a pandemic. The report of an apparently high prevalence of systemic arterial hypertension in severe cases of COVID-19 has raised concerns.
Objective: to identify the relationship between arterial hypertension, the renin-angiotensin system and the Covid-19 pathology.
Methods: a bibliographic review was carried out in the period from June 20th to July 3rd, 2020, which covered high impact journals. The Pubmed, MEDLINE and Scielo databases were consulted using the terms: coronavirus, COVID-19, hypertension, renin-angiotensin system; for English and Spanish. 14 articles with adequate validity were selected.
Results: SARS-CoV-2 uses the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) 2 receptor, a component of the renin angiotensin system that regulates blood pressure, to enter the target cells.
Conclusions: SARS-CoV-2 binds to ECA2 in the lung to enter cells. ACE inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) may decrease unfavorable development in patients with COVID.19 Immune dysregulations in hypertension may provide a possible mechanistic link between immune dysregulation and a more severe course of COVID- 19.
DeCS: RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM; CORONAVIRUS INFECTIONS/complications; CORONAVIRUS INFECTIONS /pathology; HYPERTENSION; REVIEW LITERATURE AS TOPIC.
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References
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