Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the new coronavirus and particularities in dental care

Authors

Abstract

Background: the current emergency generated by the new coronavirus imposes important challenges for health professionals, mainly dentists, who are at high risk of infection because they work directly in the oral cavity. The new epidemiological situation makes it necessary for the dentist to keep informed of epidemiological and clinical aspects of the new coronavirus to avoid contagion in the dental office.
Objective:
to update the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the new coronavirus and the particularities in dental care.
Methods:
publications in English and Spanish were reviewed in databases such as Scielo, PudMed, Elsevier. The research was limited to 36 articles published in 2020.
Results:
patients infected with Covid-19, in many cases present mild symptoms, or may even present asymptomatic. The transmission of diseases in the Dentistry office occurs through direct contact with the patient's oral fluids such as blood and saliva, and through contact with drops and aerosols that contain virus particles and that are propelled a short distance or deposited on surfaces. The dentist must be able to question epidemiological aspects of relevance in the diagnosis, in addition to playing an important role as a health promoter in the communities.
Conclusions: compliance with universal prevention measures is recommended, including the use of protective barriers and surface disinfection.

DeCS: DENTAL CARE; CORONAVIRUS INFECTIONS/epidemiology; CORONAVIRUS INFECTIONS/prevention & control; CORONAVIRUS INFECTIONS/transmission; HAND DISINFECTION.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

1. Word Health Organization. Statemen ton the second meeting of the International Health Regulations. Emergency Committee regarding the outbreak of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) [Internet]. Geneva: WHO; 2021 [citado 23 Jun 2021]. Disponible en: https://www.who.int/news-room/detail/30-01-2020-statement-on-the-second-meeting-of-the-international-health-regulations-(2005)-emergency-committee-regarding-the-outbreak-of-novel-coronavirus-(2019-ncov)

2. Miranda Pedroso R. Infección por SARS-CoV-2. Rev Cuba Med Int Emerg [Internet]. 2020 [citado 23 Jun 2021];19(2):[aprox. 24 p.]. Disponible en: http://www.revmie.sld.cu/index.php/mie/article/view/730/pdf

3. Organización Panamericana de la Salud/ Organización Mundial de la Salud. Actualización Epidemiológica: Nuevo coronavirus (COVID-19). [Internet]. Washington, D.C.: OPS/OMS; 2020 [citado 23 Jun 2021]. Disponible en: https://www.paho.org/es/documentos/actualizacion-epidemiologica-nuevo-coronavirus-covid-19-14-febrero-2020

4. Pérez Abreu MR, Gómez Tejeda JJ, Dieguez Guach RA. Características clínico-epidemiológicas de la COVID-19. Rev haban cienc méd [Internet]. 2020 [citado 23 Jun 2021];19(2):e_3254. Disponible en: http://www.revhabanera.sld.cu/index.php/rhab/article/view/3254/2505

5. Alvarez Reinaldo P, Harris Paul R. COVID-19 en América Latina: Retos y oportunidades. Rev chil pediatr [Internet]. Abr 2020 [citado 23 Jun 2021];91(2):179-182. Disponible en: https://scielo.conicyt.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0370-41062020000200179&lng=es doi.org/10.32641/rchped.vi91i2.2157

6. INFOMED. Nota informativa sobre la COVID-19 en Cuba: 25 de Septiembre 2020 [Internet]. La Habana: CNICM; 2020 [citado 23 Jun 2021]. Disponible en: http://www.sld.cu/noticia/2020/09/25/nota-informativa-sobre-la-covid-19-en-cuba-25-de-septiembre

7. INFOMED. Comienza estudio poblacional en Cuba para identificar posibles casos de la COVID-19. [Internet]. La Habana: Minsap; 2020 [citado 23 Jun 2021]. Disponible en: http://www.sld.cu/noticia/2020/05/12/comienza-estudio-poblacional-en-cuba-para-identificar-posibles-casos-de-la-covid

8. Jerez Belisario J. Cinco casos de Covid 19 en Camagüey sin fuente de infección precisada. Periódico Adelante [Internet]. 2020 [citado 23 Jun 2021]. Disponible en: http://www.adelante.cu/index.php/es/noticias/de-camagueey/21169-cinco-casos-de-covid-19-en-camagueey-sin-fuente-de-infeccion-precisada

9. Medeiros Servolo E. La lucha de los profesionales de la salud en el enfrentamiento de la COVID-19. Acta paul enferm [Internet]. 2020 [citado 23 Jun 2021];33: e-EDT20200003. Disponible en: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-21002020000100202&lng=en

10. Iglesias Osores S, Saavedra Camacho J. Riesgo de contagio por SARS-CoV-2 en estomatólogos. Univ méd pinar [Internet]. 2020 [citado 23 Jun 2021];16(2):[aprox. 3 p.]. Disponible en: http://www.revgaleno.sld.cu/index.php/ump/article/view/496

11. Morales Navarro D. Riesgos y retos para los profesionales de las disciplinas estomatológicas ante la COVID-19. Rev haban cienc méd [Internet]. 2020 [citado 23 Jun 2021];19(2):e3256. Disponible en: http://www.revhabanera.sld.cu/index.php/rhab/article/view/3256

12. Aquino-Canchari CR. Coronavirus COVID-19 y su repercusión en la Odontología. Rev Cubana Estomatol [Internet]. 2020 [citado 23 Jun 2021];57(1):[aprox. 1 p.]. Disponible en: http://www.revestomatologia.sld.cu/index.php/est/article/view/3242

13. Napimoga MH, Freitas ARR, Dentistry vs Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2. How to face this enemy. RGO, Rev Gaúch Odontol 2020 [citado 23 Jun 2021];68:e20200011. Disponible en: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S198186372020000100700&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en

14. INFOMED. En detalle, las medidas a implementar en las tres fases de la primera etapa de recuperación pos-COVID-19 (+ PDF). [Internet]. La Habana: CNICM; 2020 [citado 23 Jun 2021]. Disponible en: https://temas.sld.cu/coronavirus/2020/06/23/en-detalle-las-medidas-a-implementar-en-las-tres-fases-de-la-primera-etapa-de-recuperacion-pos-covid-19-pdf/.

15. Matanzas entra este martes en la primera fase de etapa de recuperación de la COVID-19. CUBADEBATE [Internet]. 2020 [citado 23 Jun 2021]. Disponible en: http://www.cubadebate.cu/noticias/2020/06/22/matanzas-entra-en-la-primera-fase-de-etapa-de-recuperacion-de-la-covid-19/#.XvKq2GvVsxk

16. Rothan HA, Byrareddy SN. Theepidemiology and pathogenesis of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak. J Autoimmun. 2020 [citado 23 Jun 2021];109:102433. Disponible en: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896841120300469

17. INFOMED. Coronavirus 2019 actualización La Habana: Centro Nacional de Información de Ciencias Médicas; 2020 [citado 23 Jun 2021]. Disponible en: https://temas.sld.cu/coronavirus/2019-ncov/actualización17defebrerode2020

18. Vilelas JM. The new coronavirus and therisk to children'shealth. Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem [Internet]. 2020 [citado 23 Jun 2021]; 28: e3320. Disponible en: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0104-11692020000100202&lng=en doi.org/10.1590/1518-8345.0000.3320

19. Paules CI, Marston HD, Fauci AS. Coronavirus Infections-More Than Justthe Common Cold. JAMA [Internet]. 2020 Ene 23 [citado 23 Jun 2021];323(8):707-8. Disponible en: https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2759815

20. Cai J, Sun W, Huang J, Gamber M. Indirect virus transmission in cluster of covid 1 cases, Wenzhou, China, 2020. Emerg Infect Dis [Internet]. 2020 [citado 23 Jun 2021];26(6):1343-1345. Disponible en: https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/26/6/20-0412_article

21. Van Doremalem N. Aerosol and surfacesstability of SARS Cov2 as comparedwith SARS.Cov1. N Engl J Med. [Internet]. 2020 Mar [citado 23 Jun 2021];382:164-1567. Disponible en: https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/nejmc2004973

22. Hussin A, Rothan E, Siddappa N, Byrareddy T. The epidemiology and pathogenesis of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Outbreak. J Autoimmun [Internet]. 2020 [citado 23 Jun 2021];109:[aprox. 5 p.]. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7127067/pdf/main.pdf

23. Zhao S, Lin Q, Ran J, Musa SS, Yang G, Wang W, et al. Preliminaryestimation of thebasicreproductionnumber of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in China, from 2019 to 2020: a data-driven analysis in theearly phase of the outbreak. Int J Infect Dis IJID: Off Publ Int Soc Infect Dis [Internet]. 2020 [citado 23 Jun 2021];92:214-7. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32007643/.

24. Wang W, Tang J, Wei F. Update dun der standing of the outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in Wuhan, China. J Med Virol [Internet]. 2020 [citado 23 Jun 2021];92(4):441-7. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25689

25. Wang D, Hu B, Hu C, Zhu F, Liu X, Zhang J, et al. Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus–Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China. JAMA [Internet]. 2020 [citado 23 Jun 2021];323(11):1061-1069. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7042881/.

26. Guan WJ, Ni ZY, Hu Y, Liang WH, Ou CG, He JX, et al. Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China. N Engl J Med [Internet]. 2020 Feb [citado 23 Jun 2021];382:e18. Disponible en: https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2002032

27. Wang Q, Zhang Y, wu L. Structural and functionalbasis of Sars. Cov 2 entrybyusing human ACE 2. Cell [Internet]. 2020 April 7 [citado 23 Jun 2021];181(4):[aprox. 22 p.]. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7144619/pdf/main.pdf

28. Xu H, Zhong L, Deng J, Peng J, Dan H, Zeng X, et al. High expression of ACE2 receptor of 2019-nCoV onthe epitelial cells of oral mucosa. Int J Oral Sci [Internet]. 2020 [citado 23 Jun 2021];12:8. Disponible en: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41368-020-0074-x

29. Peng X, Xu X, Li Y, Cheng L, Zhou X, Ren B. Transmissionroutes of 2019-nCoV and controls in dental practice. Int J Oral Sci [Internet]. 2020 [citado 23 Jun 2021];12:9. Disponible en: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41368-020-0075-9

30. Vilas Navós B. Tratamientos endodónticos en el contexto de la pandemia por COVID-19. Odontoestomatología [Internet]. 2020 [citado 23 Jun 2021];22( Suppl 1):38-49. Disponible en: http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1688-93392020000200038&lng=es doi.org/10.22592/ode2020nespa4

31. Sabino-Silva R, Gomes Jardim AC, Siqueira WL. Coronavirus COVID-19 impacts to dentistry and potentialsalivary diagnosis. Clin Oral Investig [Internet]. 2020 Feb [citado 23 Jun 2021];22(2):1619-21. Disponible en: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00784-020-03248-x

32. Meng L, Hua F, Bian Z. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Emerging and Future Challengesfor Dental and Oral Medicine. J Dent Res [Internet]. 2020 May [citado 23 Jun 2021];99(5):481-487. Disponible en: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/0022034520914246?fbclid=IwAR0y_pqyrGijVIOsnAhgyTPD-v9jzstaruBTR-fOjeuF3MUVhW6R7WTUwxE

33. Li ZY, Meng LY. The prevention and control of a new coronavirus infection in department of stomatology. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue ZaZhi. 2020 Feb;55(0):E001. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1002-0098.2020.0001

34. Morales Navarro D. Acciones del personal de salud del área estomatológica en relación al COVID-19. Rev Cubana Estomatol [Internet]. 2020 [citado 23 Jun 2021];57(1):[aprox. 4 p.]. Disponible en: http://www.revestomatologia.sld.cu/index.php/est/article/view/3245

35. Cantillo Acosta L, Sánchez Fernández NE. Referentes sobre la prevención de la COVID-19 en Estomatología. Rev inf cient. [Internet]. 2020 Abr [citado 23 Jun 2021];99(2):188-197. Disponible en: http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1028-99332020000200188&lng=es

36. WHO. Infection prevention and control during health care when novel coronavirus (nCoV) infectionis suspected Interim guidance. [Internet]. Ginebra: WHO; 2020 [citado 23 Jun 2021]. Disponible en: https://apps.who.int/iris/rest/bitstreams/1266296/retrieve

Published

2021-11-19

How to Cite

1.
Campo-Prince OA, Díaz-Hernández G, Prince-Martínez IA. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the new coronavirus and particularities in dental care. Prog [Internet]. 2021 Nov. 19 [cited 2025 Apr. 12];4(2):138-49. Available from: https://revprogaleno.sld.cu/index.php/progaleno/article/view/241

Issue

Section

Artículos de Revisión