Eosinophilic meningoencephalitis caused by parasitation of Angiostrongylus cantonensis
Keywords:
Palabras claves, Angiostrongylus cantonensis, meningoencefalitis eosinofílica, prevención, tratamiento. Angiostrongylus cantonensis, eosinophilic meningoencephalitis, prevention, treatment.Abstract
Background: infectious diseases are a serious problem, especially in poor countries. Those that affect the central nervous system (CNS) have a group of clinical, pathological and therapeutic peculiarities. Eosinophilic meningoencephalitis is a specific case of these conditions, characterized by the presence of eosinophils in the cerebrospinal fluid. This parasitosis is more frequent in children in tropical countries because the African giant snail, intermediate host of its causative agent, can be a harmless animal.
Objective: to characterize eosinophilic meningoencephalitis from its causal agent, preventive measures, as well as the most effective diagnostic-therapeutic behaviors used in its management.
Methods: a documentary analysis of the most recent published literature on the subject was carried out using trusted search engines such as Google academic, SciELO, Scopus and Clinical Key. 30 sources in Spanish and English were used to carry out this article, of which 60 % belong to the last five years.
Results: in Cuba the only cause of eosinophilic meningitis is that caused by Angiostrongylus cantonensis larvae. This nematode has a life cycle that consists of five stages. Recognition of symptoms is essential for its diagnosis, as well as knowing the possibilities of exposure to the snail, but final confirmation depends on performing a PCR.
Conclusions: there are controversies regarding treatment, hence prevention is the best weapon to guarantee optimal health status in the population.
DeCS: ANGIOSTRONGYLUS CANTONENSIS/parasitology; MENINGOENCEPHALITIS/diagnosis; MENINGOENCEPHALITIS/etiology; EOSINOPHILIA/diagnosis; EOSINOPHILIA/parasitology.
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